The hunt for exoplanets in our galaxy is a deeply important endeavour. The more exoplanets we find, the better we can understand our own Solar System - and how life emerges in the Universe. To date, over 4,000 exoplanets have been confirmed - but a new discovery could widen the search, helping us to find exoplanets that previously have proven too difficult to detect.
於咱河系中，找系外行星是一非常重要的。愈多的系外行星，人愈能深入解咱太系，及生命如何出於宇宙中。迄今止，已超4千系外行星，不一新可能大此搜。有助於人找到，先前已很的系外行星。
The newly discovered exoplanet, with a mass comparable to that of Saturn, orbits a very small, cool red dwarf right at the lower mass limit for main sequence stars, and located about 35 light-years away. However, it's not just the planet, nor the star, that's so groundbreaking here.
新近被、具有比得上土星量的系外行星一，座落於大35光年外、正好於主序星(任何正在其核心中，融合且具有自核心核融合之向外力及向推之重力定的平衡的星)量下限的很小冷矮星，作行。不，在此完全不是行星，也不是星，具突破性。
What's particularly special in this discovery is how astronomers used a radio telescope to track the movement of the star through the Milky Way, and identify the snaking wiggle in that movement as the star is gravitationally affected by an orbiting exoplanet. This very tricky accomplishment is called the astrometric technique, and it's the first time it's been successfully deployed using a radio telescope.
在此中的特之是，天文家如何利用射望，追恒星在河系中的行，及在那行中的蛇形，是星受到一，行之系外行星的重力影。非常需要技巧的技能，被天量技，且是首度使用射望，成功利用此技能。
Using an orbital wobble to detect an exoplanet is not a new idea. You see, the orbital centre of a planetary system isn't in the middle of the star. Rather, all bodies in the system orbit a mutual centre of gravity, called the barycentre. The barycentre of the Solar System, for example, is just outside the surface of the Sun, mainly due to the gravitational influence of Jupiter and Saturn.
利用道的系外行星，非新想。行星系的道中心，不在恒星中央。而是系中的所有天皆著一，被引力中心的共同重力中心，作行。譬如，太系的引力中心，就在太表面之外，主要是由於木星及土星的重力影。
When we're looking at other stars with massive, closely orbiting exoplanets, this effect can be detected in the way light wavelengths are stretched or compressed as the star moves around. This detection technique is called Doppler spectroscopy, or the radial velocity method, and it's one of the more common methods for finding exoplanets.
人探究具有大量、接近地作行之系外行星的其他星，效在恒星行，光波被拉或的方式中，能被探出。探技被都卜勒光技(或向速度量法)，且是找系外行星常的方法之一。
The astrometric technique is a little different. The Milky Way's stars aren't fixed in space; they move around the galaxy, and the study of this movement is called astrometry. So, rather than using changes in wavelengths, the astrometric technique looks for deviations from a straight line of movement.
上述天量技略有不同。河系的星非固定於太空中，它在河系中行，而研究此行，被天量。因此，天量技，不是使用波的化，而是行的直找偏差。
This method can be used to detect exoplanets that Doppler spectroscopy can't, such as exoplanets circling in larger orbits around their stars.
此方法能被用，都卜勒光技法的系外行星，如以更大道其星行的系外行星。
"Our method complements the radial velocity method, which is more sensitive to planets orbiting in close orbits, while ours is more sensitive to massive planets in orbits further away from the star," said astrophysicist Gisela Ortiz-Leon of the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Germany.
德克斯普朗克射天文研究所，天物理家Gisela Ortiz-Leon宣：「他的方法充了，於在近道上，作行之行星更敏感的向速度量法。同，他的方法更星之道上的大量行星更敏感。
Indeed, these other techniques have found only a few planets with characteristics such as planet mass, orbital size, and host star mass, similar to the planet we found. We believe that the VLBA, and the astrometry technique in general, could reveal many more similar planets."
上，上述其他技已少，具有如行星量、道大小及宿主星量等特徵，似他的行星。他，(射望)超基列(VLBA：Very Long Baseline Array，也就是一般的天量技)能揭露更多似的行星。」
The VLBA is the Very Long Baeline Array, a network of 10 radio antennas widely distributed across the US. For 18 months starting in June 2018, the research team, led by astronomer Salvador Curiel of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, tracked a small star called TVLM 513-46546 across space for a year and a half.
VLBA是一，由十座於美之射天成的超基列。由墨西哥立自治大天文家，Salvador Curiel的研究，2018年6月始追，太空中一被TVLM 513-46546的小星，18月。
Painstaking and careful analysis of the data revealed that the star was not travelling in a perfectly straight line, but was travelling more of a snaking path. The periodicity and amplitude of the wiggle revealed a planet on a 221-day orbit, and between 38 and 46 percent of the mass of Jupiter - a little more massive than Saturn, which is around 30 percent of the mass of Jupiter.
悉心、慎的分析此些揭露，星非以完美直行，而是以蛇行的途行。此的周期性及振幅揭露了一，位於221天的道上，量介於木星38％至46％的行星。此量稍大於土星，土星量大是木星的30％。
1. 蛇形的道 (援用自原文)
"Giant planets, like Jupiter and Saturn, are expected to be rare around small stars like this one, and the astrometric technique is best at finding Jupiter-like planets in wide orbits, so we were surprised to find a lower mass, Saturn-like planet in a relatively compact orbit. We expected to find a more massive planet, similar to Jupiter, in a wider orbit," Curiel said.
Curiel宣：「似木星及土星的巨大行星像上述小星，被期是罕的。而天量技最合找道中，似木星的行星。因此，他感到，在相之道上，了一似土星的低量行星。他期盼在更的道上，一似木星的更大量行星。」
The astrometric technique is more commonly used to study binary stars, whose gravitational effect on each other is much more pronounced than the effect of a planet on a star. Only once before has the astrometric technique been used to discover an exoplanet (although it has been used to study already-known exoplanets), and never before with a radio telescope.
天量技常被用研究，彼此重力影比一行星一星之影，更明得多的星。先前只有一次曾使用技，一系外行星(然它已被用研究已知的系外行星)，且先前不曾使用射望。
Earlier this year, however, another group of scientists announced the first use of a radio telescope to detect an exoplanet. It wasn't through astrometry, but by detecting the circular polarisation of radio waves generated by a planet's movement through a red dwarf's magnetic field.
不，今年(2020年)早些候，另一支科家宣，首次使用射望，探一系外行星。不是透天量，而是藉由探，因行星行通一矮星的磁，所生之射波的化(是一化，在此中，波之磁中的每，具有定的幅度，但其方向在垂直於波之方向的平面中，以定速率旋)。
So, although the detection was quite challenging for Curiel's team, their ultimate success confirms the promise of both radio telescopes and the astrometric technique in finding planets that other techniques miss.
因此，Curiel的而言，然探相具有挑性。不，他最的成功了，射望天量技，在找其他技漏之行星上的指望。
The Gaia telescope is currently surveying the Milky Way, creating the most detailed and accurate astrometric map of the galaxy yet; it's expected that this data will blow astrometric exoplanet detection wide open, with an estimated tens of thousands of exoplanet discoveries to come.
目前，正行勘河系的太空望生了，迄今止有河系，最且最的天量。期此充分，天量的系外行星探之，估系外行星。
原文址：https://www.sciencealert.com/for-the-first-time-a-radio-telescope-has-been-used-to-find-a-planet-by-its-wiggling-star
翻：
文章定位：
