物可能是全球候的最佳者＠PEREGRINE科滴

2023-10-23 19:34:30| 人47| 回0 | 上一篇 | 下一篇

物可能是全球候的最佳者

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Carrying small sensors, they could be the most sensitive and informative weather instruments of all

小型感器，它可能是所有中，最敏、最多的象器。

The world’s scientists rely on an elaborate network of satellites, ocean buoys, weather stations, and balloons to help predict the weather and assess the impact of global climate change across land, air, and sea.

世界各地的科家仰星、海洋浮、象站及球的路，助天及估，全球候地、大及海洋的影。

But they are overlooking some of the most sensitive and informative instruments of all – the world’s animals – argue researchers at Yale’s Center for Biodiversity and Global Change and the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior.

不，美耶大生物多性暨全球中心，及德克斯普朗克物行研究所的研究人表明，他正在行察看，一些最敏感、最多之工具(世界上的物)。

Equipping fish, birds, seals, and terrestrial animals with sophisticated sensors can give researchers localized and timely data on environmental conditions impacted by climate change that current technology cannot, they say.

他表示，、、海豹及生物配先感器，能予研究人，有遭候影之境，具地方性且性的。

1.感器的白能，在沿著其徙路之多地方的地面。

White storks carrying sensors can monitor on-the-ground conditions in locations along their migratory route.

“We can literally turn animals into flying, swimming, and walking weather stations,’’ said Diego Ellis Soto, a graduate student at Yale and first author on the paper. “Animals equipped with modern sensors could be seen as the twenty-first century canary in the coal mines.”

文首要撰文人，耶大研究生，Diego Ellis Soto宣：「我能物成行、游泳及行走的象站。配代感器的物能被，二十一世，於煤中的金雀。」

In the paper, the scientists describe the shortcomings of current methods of collecting weather and climate data. They then outline the benefits of equipping animals with sensors that can measure air temperature, ocean salinity, and air pollution as well as an animal’s metabolism.

在文中，此些科家描述了，目前收集天及候方法的多缺。之後他概述了，物配能量空度、海洋度、空污染及物新代的感器益。

For instance, satellites can gauge temperatures at the surface of a cloud-covered jungle canopy, but not conditions on the ground. However, a monkey with modern GPS tracking sensors can; and its stress levels caused by warming temperatures can also be monitored.

譬如，星能量，於覆之林冠表面的度。不，法量地面。然而，代全球定位系(GPS：Global Positioning System)之追感器的猴子可以;也能，其因度升高，引起的力程度。

Most weather stations are built upon flat land and in developed areas of the world, but they are seldom placed in the mountainous regions that are most affected by climate change. However, sensors on mountain goats moving up and down slopes are able to characterize the temperature profile at great detail.

大多象站，建於平地及世界已地。不很少建於，遭候影最重的多山地。然而在山坡上，上、下移之山羊身上的感器，能非常描述度概。

Over the Atlantic Ocean, expensive weather balloons give pilots warnings of turbulence on their routes, but over the Pacific Ocean “flying from Japan to Chile there is little to no such information available,” Ellis Soto said.

在大西洋上空，昂的象球，向行出，於其航上有湍流的警告。不，在太平洋上空，Ellis Soto宣：「日本往智利，少有到有，此可取得。」

That’s why the government of Japan has begun to equip high-flying birds with sensors to gauge windspeed strength at a variety of altitudes as well as integrating ocean measurements from turtles into oceanographic models for weather forecast.

那是何日本政府始，除了自海之多海洋量，整合到天的海洋模型中之外，也高空翔的配感器，量於不同高度之速度的原因。

“Animals can be our fine-tuned biological weather stations,” said Martin Wikelski, a director at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior and co-author of the perspective piece.

文章合撰人，克斯普朗克物行研究所所，Martin Wikelski宣：「物是，咱微小改的生物象站。」

Thanks to initiatives of the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, thousands of birds and animals are already equipped with sensors that are designed to track where and why wildlife is thriving, and where they are struggling along their migratory routes impacted by climate change.

由於克斯普朗克物行研究所的倡，千的及物已配了，旨在追野生物，在哪及何正茁生，及它正在其遭候影的徙路中，力前之地方的感器。

These animal-borne sensors can not only be used to help predict the impact that extreme weather events will have on animals; they can also give a living measure of the impacts of climate change itself in near real time.

此些物承的感器，不能被使用助，端天事件物有的影；它也能以近乎即生一，候本身活中的影量。

For instance, tagged elephant seals already provide 80 percent of available information on ice depth and ocean salinity in Antarctica, which helps predict sea level rise under current and future climate change, Ellis Soto said.

Ellis Soto表示，譬如，的象鼻海豹已提供了，有南洲冰深度及海洋度，80%可取得的。有助於，在前及未候下的海平面上升。

Satellites can give a rough approximation of conditions in sub-Saharan Africa at a resolution of one square kilometer, but “a white stork with sensors gives us a bird’s eye view of conditions on the ground in seconds,” he added.

星能以一平方公里的分辨率予，於撒哈拉沙漠以南之非洲地的粗略估。不，他充：「感器的白予了我一，在秒瞰的地面。」

Ocean sea grass is one of nature’s crucial ways to capture carbon emissions that fuel climate change. Scientists have been able to find many concentrations of oceanic sea grass by following movements of sensor-carrying tiger sharks, which are known to be attracted to mangroves and sea grass.

海洋海草是自然捕，加候之碳排放的至重要途之一。科家藉由追，感器之所周知，被林及海草吸引的虎活，已能多海洋海草的聚集密度。

Thus, by combining knowledge of animals’ ecologies with technological advances, researchers are can remotely monitor hard-to-access regions across the world.

And benefits are not limited to purely wild areas of the world.

因此，藉由合物生的知技上的展，研究人能端控世界各地，以入的地。因此，益不被限於，世界上全然的野生地。

I a world afflicted by extreme heat during summer, tagged carrier pigeons could help identify dangerous urban heat islands and air pollution levels in heavily populated areas.

在夏季期，遭受酷折磨的世界中，的信能助，危的城市，及於人口稠密地的空污染水平。

“We are advocating for an existing byproduct of many modern GPS tracking devices that few meteorologists and biologists are using,” Ellis Soto said. “It is an untapped gold mine of detailed meteorological information with relevance for weather forecasting and biology alike.”