In a critical step toward creating a global quantum communications network, researchers have generated and detected quantum entanglement onboard a CubeSat nanosatellite weighing less than 2.6 kilograms and orbiting the Earth.
在向建立全球量子通信的一步中，於一重量不及2.6公斤、地球作行的立方(CubeSat)奈米星上，研究人已到，生的量子。
“In the future, our system could be part of a global quantum network transmitting quantum signals to receivers on Earth or on other spacecraft,” said lead author Aitor Villar from the Centre for Quantum Technologies at the National University of Singapore. “These signals could be used to implement any type of quantum communications application, from quantum key distribution for extremely secure data transmission to quantum teleportation, where information is transferred by replicating the state of a quantum system from a distance.”
首要撰文人，自立新加坡大量子技中心的Aitor Villar宣：「於未，他的系可能是，量子信到地球或其他航天器上之接收器的全球量子一部分。此些信可能被用，供度安全的量子密分，到量子形(藉由量子系，信息的方式)之任何型量子通信的用。」
1. 研究人了一尺寸20x10厘米的量子源。 (援用自原文)
In Optica, The Optical Society's (OSA) journal for high impact research, Villar and an international group of researchers demonstrate that their miniaturized source of quantum entanglement can operate successfully in space aboard a low-resource, cost-effective CubeSat that is smaller than a shoebox. CubeSats are a standard type of nanosatellite made of multiples of 10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm cubic units.
在美光(OSA)所行，有高影力之研究的《Optica》期刊中，Villar及一支研究人，其微型化的量子源，在太空中，一低源、具成本效率之比鞋盒小的CubeSat上，能作。CubeSats是一，由多10厘米×10厘米×10厘米之立方部件成的型奈米星。
“Progress toward a space-based global quantum network is happening at a fast pace,” said Villar. “We hope that our work inspires the next wave of space-based quantum technology missions and that new applications and technologies can benefit from our experimental findings.”
Villar宣：「向以太空基地之全球量子的程，正以快速步生中。他期盼，其研究能激下一波，以太空基地的量子技任，及能他之研究益的新技用。」
The quantum mechanical phenomenon known as entanglement is essential to many quantum communications applications. However, creating a global network for entanglement distribution isn’t possible with optical fibers because of the optical losses that occur over long distances. Equipping small, standardized satellites in space with quantum instrumentation is one way to tackle this challenge in a cost-effective manner.
被通的量子力象，是多量子通信用所不可或缺的。不，由於在距上生的光耗，因此使用光建立一分的全球是不可能的。於太空中，使用量子器配化的小型星，是以一具成本效率之方式，付此挑的一方法。
As a first step, the researchers needed to demonstrate that a miniaturized photon source for quantum entanglement could stay intact through the stresses of launch and operate successfully in the harsh environment of space within a satellite that can provide minimal energy. To accomplish this, they exhaustively examined every component of the photon-pair source used to generate quantum entanglement to see if it could be made smaller or more rugged.
作第一步，此些研究人必，一供量子使用的微型化光子源，能在射力下，保持完整且於提供小能量之星，在太空苛境中，能作。此，他底了，被用生量子之光子源的每一部件，以解是否能作得更小或更固。
“At each stage of development, we were actively conscious of the budgets for mass, size and power,” said Villar. “By iterating the design through rapid prototyping and testing, we arrived at a robust, small-form factor package for all the off-shelf components needed for an entangled photon-pair source.”
Villar宣：「在展的每一段，我注重量、尺寸及功率的算。藉由快速的原型作及重，他得了，的光子源，所需之所有成部件，一固、小要素的成套件。」
The new miniaturized photon-pair source consists of a blue laser diode that shines on nonlinear crystals to create pairs of photons. Achieving high-quality entanglement required a complete redesign of the mounts that align the nonlinear crystals with high precision and stability.
微型化的光子源是由一，照射於非性晶上，生成光子的色雷射二管所成。得高品的，需要完全重新，以高精度及定性排列非性晶的座架。
The researchers qualified their new instrument for space by testing its ability to withstand the vibration and thermal changes experienced during a rocket launch and in-space operation. The photon-pair source maintained very high-quality entanglement throughout the testing, and crystal alignment was preserved even after repeated temperature cycling from -10 °C to 40 °C.
藉由承受，在火箭射及於太空中，作期之振化的能耐，此些研究人修正了他的新器。在整程中，光子源持了非常高品的，且甚至在-10°C到40°C的反度循之後，仍保持晶直排列。
The researchers incorporated their new instrument into SpooQy-1, a CubeSat that was deployed into orbit from the International Space Station on 17 June 2019. The instrument successfully generated entangled photon-pairs over temperatures from 16 °C to 21.5 °C.
此些研究人其新器整到SpooQy-1(2019年6月17日，太空站被署到作道中的一CubeSat)中。在16°C到21.5°C的度，器地生的光子。
“This demonstration showed that miniaturized entanglement technology can work well while consuming little power,” said Villar. “This is an important step toward a cost-effective approach to the deployment of satellite constellations that can serve global quantum networks.” The project was funded by Singapore’s National Research Foundation.
Villar宣：「此示，微型化的技能切作，而且消耗很少能量。是向，署能充全球量子之星群的重要步。」是由新加坡家研究基金所助。
The researchers are now working with RALSpace in the UK to design and build a quantum nanosatellite similar to SpooQy-1 with the capabilities needed to beam entangled photons from space to a ground receiver. This is slated for demonstration aboard a 2022 mission. They are also collaborating with other teams to improve the ability of CubeSats to support quantum networks.
目前，此些研究人正英RALSpace合作及建一，具有太空射光子到地面接收器，所需能耐之似SpooQy-1的量子奈米星。定於2022年的任中，行物示。他也正其他合作，改善CubeSats支持量子的能耐。
原文址：https://www.osa.org/en-us/about_osa/newsroom/news_releases/2020/quantum_entanglement_demonstrated_aboard_orbiting/
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