The moon-moon tides likely generate lots of heat inside these frigid worlds.
此些星星的潮汐，可能在此些冰冷天生大量量。
1. 由美航太署所伽利略航天器的木巴星，在其冰冷外下，藏著巨大海洋。新研究暗示，由伽利略之巴星的同星，在那地表下海洋引大的潮汐。
Jupiter's "ocean world" moons may have strong gravitational effects on each other, raising big tides in each others' subsurface seas, a new study suggests. Surprisingly, these moon-moon tidal forces might generate more heat in the satellites' oceans than the gravitational tugs of giant Jupiter, study team members found.
一新研究暗示，木星具海洋的星，可能具有在彼此之地表下海洋，引大潮汐的大重力作用。研究成，令人的是，些星星之的潮汐力可能，在此些星的海洋中，生比巨大木星重力引生的更多量。
"That’s kind of interesting, because Jupiter is the biggest mass in that system, so its tidal forces are much bigger than one moon on another," lead author Hamish Hay, who performed the work while at the University of Arizona's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, said in a statement.
首要撰文人，於美利桑那大，月球暨行星室行研究的Hamish Hay，在一述中，宣：「那是令人感趣之的事。因，在那系中，木星的量最大。因此，其潮汐力比其星另一星的潮汐力，更大很多。」
Hay and his colleagues modeled the gravitational interactions among Jupiter's four large Galilean moons — Io, Europa, Callisto and Ganymede. The latter three are thought to harbor huge oceans of liquid water beneath their icy shells, whereas powerfully volcanic Io might have a subsurface sea of molten rock.
Hay及其同僚模了，由伽利略之木星四大星(艾、巴、卡利斯托及加尼梅德星)之的重力交互作用。後三被，在其冰冷外下，藏著巨大液水海洋，而力火山作用造成的艾星，可能具有熔岩的地表下海洋。
The researchers determined that the Galilean moons have an outsized influence on each other thanks to "tidal resonance" — basically, a reinforcing sync-up of a gravitational tug and the natural rocking of the satellites' oceans. The moons are more tidally resonant with each other than with Jupiter, which explains why the giant planet's powerful pull doesn't translate into bigger tidal effects.
此些研究人言，由於"潮汐共振"，些由伽利略的星，彼此具有一很大的影力。基本上，是重力引及此些星之海洋自然的一增性同步。此些星彼此的潮汐共振，比木星的共振更大。解了，何此巨大行星的大引力，未化成更大的潮汐影力。
As an example: Hay and his team calculated that Jupiter's tug could generate a tidal wave in Europa's buried ocean if that sea were about 660 feet (200 meters) deep. Little Io, by contrast, could get a strong wave going in a Europan ocean 50 miles (80 kilometers) deep.
譬如：Hay及其算出，木星的引力，在巴星，深大660英尺(200米)之埋藏著的海洋中，引潮浪。相之下，小的艾星，在巴星，深50英里(80公里)的海洋中，引烈的潮浪。
Astronomers suspect that Europa's sea, one of the most promising abodes for alien life in the solar system, is more than 50 miles deep, but nobody knows the actual figure. Tidal resonance among the Galilean moons could help them nail that measurement down, however. If moon-moon tides are strong enough, the icy surfaces of Europa, Callisto and Ganymede could pulse in and out, study team members said.
天文家疑，巴星的海洋(太系中最有指望具外星生命的地方之一)深超50英里，不人知字。然而，由伽利略所，星之的潮汐共振，可能有助於他定那量。研究成表示，倘若星星之的潮汐，巴、卡利斯托及加尼梅德星的冰冷表面，可能生上下的。
"If you can measure the rate at which the moon’s surface is moving up and down, then that would be a way to tell you how thick the ocean might be," Hay, who's now at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, said in the statement.
目前，美航太署所射推室(位於南加州)的Hay，在一述中，宣：「倘若能量此些星，表面上下移的速率，那是宣此些海洋，有多深的一方法。」
The new study was published last month in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.
新研究表於，2020年7月由美地球物理合行的《地球物理研究事》期刊。
原文址：https://www.space.com/jupiter-galilean-moons-tidal-heating.html
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