CERN’s Large Hadron Collider beauty (LHCb) experiment – established to help explore what happened immediately after the Big Bang – has discovered a particle never seen before. In a paper published today (1 July) to the ArXiv preprint server, researchers said this could be the first of a previously undiscovered class of particles.
洲核研究( European Organization for Nuclear Research)之大型子撞的美夸克(LHCb)(被建立助探索大爆炸後立即生的事)已一，先前不曾的粒子。在今天(2020年7月1日)表於，ArXiv(一收集物理、、算科、生物理之文印本的站)印本伺服器的一篇文中，研究人表示，可能是先前未被之粒子的第一。
Its discovery could help physicists better understand the complex process of how quarks bind themselves together into composite particles, such as protons and neutrons found inside atom nuclei.
此可能有助於物理家更深入解，夸克如何自行合在一起，以形成如在原子核，被之子及中子等，合粒子的程。
Typically, quarks combine in groups of threes or twos to form particles called hadrons. However, for decades it has been theorised that four-quark or five-quark hadrons – referred to as tetraquarks and pentaquarks – could exist.
通常，夸克以三或二一，合形成被子的粒子。不，十年一直被理推定，可能存在被tetraquarks 及pentaquarks之四夸克或五夸克的子。
“Particles made up of four quarks are already exotic, and the one we have just discovered is the first to be made up of four heavy quarks of the same type, specifically two charm quarks and two charm antiquarks,” said the outgoing spokesperson of the LHCb collaboration, Giovanni Passaleva.
LHCb共同研究，即卸任的言人，Giovanni Passaleva宣：「由四夸克成的粒子已是乎常，而他的更是，第一由四重夸克，特是魅夸克及魅反夸克，成的同型粒子。
Up until now, the LHCb and other experiments had only observed tetraquarks with two heavy quarks at most and none with more than two quarks of the same type.”
直到目前，LHCb及其他最多曾察到，具有重夸克的tetraquarks(四夸克)，而同型粒子一具有多於夸克。
As they are made up of unusual combination of quarks, these particles are seen as ideal for studying one of the four known fundamental forces of nature, the strong interaction that binds protons, neutrons and the atomic nuclei that make up matter. By learning more about their strong interactions, it could help determine whether new, unexpected processes are a sign of new physics or just standard physics.
由於它是由夸克不常的合所成，因此些粒子被是研究自然界，合成物之子、中子及原子核的四已知交互作用之基本力之一的理想物。藉由得悉更多有它的交互作用，可能有助於言，是否意想不到的新程是一，新物理或只是物理的象。
LHCb’s incoming spokesperson, Chris Parkes, added: “These exotic heavy particles provide extreme and yet theoretically fairly simple cases with which to test models that can then be used to explain the nature of ordinary matter particles, like protons or neutrons.“It is therefore very exciting to see them appear in collisions at the LHC for the first time.”
LHCb的新任言人，Chris Parkes附言：「此些乎常的重粒子提供了，之後能被用解，像子或中子等，普通物粒子性之端、但理上相的事例。因此，首度在大型子撞的碰撞中，看它的出，是非常令人振的事。」
The unusual tetraquark was discovered using the particle-hunting technique of looking for an excess of collision events, known as a ‘bump’, in datasets ranging from 2009 to 2013 and 2015 to 2018. This revealed a bump in the mass distribution of a pair of particles consisting of a charm quark and a charm antiquark.
乎常的四夸克是使用，在2009年至2013年及2015年至2018年的集中，找被通一‘猛撞’之超碰撞事件的粒子搜技，所的。揭露了一，在由魅夸克及魅反夸克成一粒子之量分中的猛撞。
However, it is not completely clear whether the new particle is a ‘true tetraquark’ – a system of four quarks tightly bound – or a pair of two-quark particles loosely bound in a molecule-like structure. CERN said that either way the discovery will help test models of quantum thermodynamics.
不，是否新粒子是一‘真正的tetraquark’(一四夸克密合的系)，或是以一似分子，散合的夸克粒子，目前完全不。洲核研究表示，任何一情，此皆能有助於量子力(有力量子力，立物理理之的研究)的模型。
原文址：https://www.siliconrepublic.com/innovation/exotic-tetraquark-particle-cern-large-hadron-collider
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