From
http://www.shawprize.org/ The Shaw Laureates in Astronomy 2005
The Shaw Prize in Astronomy 2005 will be awarded jointly to
Geoffrey Marcy and Michel Mayor
For finding and characterizing the orbits and masses of the first planets around other stars, thereby revolutionizing our understanding of the processes that form planets and planetary systems.
2005年 邵逸夫天文得人
2005年邵逸夫天文平均分配予
弗里西Geoffrey Marcy 和 米歇耶Michel Mayor
表彰最早太系以外的一星的行星，了解其量道，
而引出行星之生的革命性的新。
The Shaw Laureate in Life Science and Medicine 2005
The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine 2005 will be awarded to
Sir Michael Berridge
For his discoveries on calcium signalling in the regulation of cellular activity.
2005年 邵逸夫生命科得人
2005年邵逸夫生命科予
克里奇爵士 (Sir Michael Berridge)
表彰他控胞的作中的作用。
The Shaw Laureate in Mathematical Sciences 2005
The Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences 2005 will be awarded to
Andrew John Wiles
For his proof of Fermat's Last Theorem.
2005年 邵逸夫科得人
2005年邵逸夫科予
安德斯 (Andrew John Wiles)
表彰最後定理的明。
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The Shaw Prize in Astronomy 2005
Research Contributions
The Copernican Revolution spawned the notion that the stars might be other suns and that planetary worlds might orbit such suns. When the first giant planet around a sunlike star was found in 1995, however, it curiously lay at a distance from its central star which is only 1% the radius of Jupiter's orbit about the Sun. Later discoveries revealed other surprises: the frequency of planets depends strongly on the abundance of heavy elements such as iron in the star; planets in systems with multiple members often have orbital periods that bear an integer relationship to one another; the orbits of extrasolar planets are much more elongated than the nearly circular orbits of the planets in our own solar system; although extrasolar planets have a wide distribution of masses, none exceeds 10 Jupiter masses. For these pioneering, puzzling results, Marcy and Mayor are awarded the 2005 Shaw Prize in Astronomy.
2005年 邵逸夫天文
得研究明
哥白尼革命萌了星都是的太，而可能有行星它的想法。西耶1995年的了此想法。奇的是：那年的首例日星的巨行星中央星近，只有木星道半的百分之一；後的工作又示出其他奇象：行星率於星重元素(如)含量；多行星系的道期彼此有整倍；行星道偏心度(eccentricity)大；行星量大小不同，但都不重於十木星。些性挑性的成就西和耶2005年邵逸夫天文。
The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine 2005
Research Contributions
The discovery of calcium-mediated signalling pathways in the regulation of cellular function has truly revolutionized the fields of life science and medicine. The knowledge gained on how various factors increase calcium mobilization and how calcium controls cellular activity has widely expanded the areas of cell and molecular biology, and has led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies ranging from the treatment of heart disease to the improvement of learning and memory. These discoveries represent one of the most important cell signalling pathways in biology and have changed forever the way we think about prevention and treatment of disease.
Cellular communication occurs through chemical signals such as hormones, neurotransmitters and nitric oxide, which act via specific receptors or receptive molecules and are linked to diverse intracellular and extracellular signalling pathways. Berridge's major achievement was to discover one such pathway that is linked to the hydrolysis of inositol lipids. This signalling system liberates two key second messengers, namely, IP3 (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate) and DAG (diacylglycerol). IP3 was discovered by Berridge, who showed that it functioned to release calcium from internal stores. This IP3/Ca2+signalling system is of fundamental importance in regulating diverse cellular processes such as muscle contraction, cell growth and differentiation, secretion, fertilization, synaptic plasticity and information processing.
2005年 邵逸夫生命科
得研究明
胞通信透化信如激素，神和一氧化氮行。些化信特定的受或接收分子相互作用，影胞或胞的信途。克里奇的成就是找出一肌醇脂水解有的信途。信系出第二信使，IP3和DAG。克里奇IP3使胞放存。IP3/Ca2+信系控多胞能如肌肉收、胞生和分化、分泌、受精等至重要。
介的信在胞作的作用，生命科域有革命性的影。和控胞的制，大大了胞和分子生物的域，促了治病的手段。治心病，和改善和，有莫大好。克里奇的，使我一最重要的胞信途，也改防和治疾病的念。
The Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences 2005
Research Contributions
The equation
x2 + y2 = z2
has infinitely many solutions for which x, y and z are positive integers. The smallest such solution is
32 + 42 = 52
which has been known since antiquity. In 1630 Fermat (1601-1665) conjectured that the more general equation
xn + yn = zn, for n = integer > 2,
has no integer solutions. This was later called Fermat's last theorem. It remained the most famous unproven conjecture in mathematics for more than three centuries until 1994 when Wiles completed his long and difficult proof, which uses powerful mathematical ideas and insights developed in the 19th and 20th centuries.
2005年 邵逸夫科
方程式
x2 + y2 = z2
有多正整解。最的解是：
32 + 42 = 52
的解古人就已知道。1630年(1601-1665) 猜想下面推了的方程式
xn + yn = zn, n = 整 > 2,
有正整解。猜想後被命名「最後定理」。三百多年，此定理是中未有明的最有名的定理。最後於1994年斯明了此定理，用了十九及二十世的多新念方法。
The Shaw Prize in Mathematical Sciences Committee
The Shaw Prize Foundation
邵逸夫科遴委
(自英文原稿)
