V2EX ironical

Ironical

定义 Definition

形容词(adjective)。意为"讽刺的、反语的、出乎意料的",用来形容某种情况与预期相反,或者某人以反话的方式表达意思。与 ironic 意思相同,但在现代英语中使用频率较低,语感上稍显正式或文学化。

发音 Pronunciation

/arnkl/(英式) /arnkl/(美式)

例句 Examples

It is ironical that the fire station burned down while the firefighters were out saving another building.
具有讽刺意味的是,消防站在消防员外出救援另一栋大楼时自己烧毁了。

She gave him an ironical smile, as though she knew perfectly well that he was lying but had decided not to expose him.
她对他露出一个讽刺的微笑,好像她完全知道他在撒谎,但决定不揭穿他。

词源 Etymology

该词源自拉丁语 ironicus,而拉丁语又借自希腊语 eironikos(ερωνικ),意为"假装无知的、故作不知的"。希腊语词根 eiron(ερων)指"佯装者",在古希腊喜剧中特指那种假装愚蠢以智胜对手的角色。后缀 -ical 是英语中常见的形容词后缀,比 -ic 多了一层古典或正式的色彩。Ironical 在17世纪左右进入英语,后来逐渐被更简洁的 ironic 所取代,但在文学作品中仍有使用。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • 简奥斯汀(Jane Austen)的《傲慢与偏见》(Pride and Prejudice)中大量使用 ironical 的叙事语调,尤其在描写达西先生和班内特先生时,奥斯汀常以反讽的笔触刻画人物。
  • 托马斯哈代(Thomas Hardy)在《德伯家的苔丝》(Tess of the d'Urbervilles)中用 ironical 来形容命运对主人公的捉弄,体现了他一贯的悲剧性反讽风格。
  • 亨利詹姆斯(Henry James)在作品中也频繁使用 ironical 一词来描绘人物之间微妙的社交博弈与言外之意。
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