V2EX exterminate

Exterminate

释义 Definition

动词 (v.) 彻底消灭,根除;灭绝。指将某种生物、害虫或群体完全消除干净。

发音 Pronunciation

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例句 Examples

The government hired professionals to exterminate the termites in the old building.
政府雇用了专业人员来消灭老建筑里的白蚁。

Humanity must be cautious not to exterminate entire species through careless environmental destruction, for each organism plays a vital role in the delicate balance of its ecosystem.
人类必须警惕,不要因粗心的环境破坏而灭绝整个物种,因为每种生物都在其生态系统的微妙平衡中扮演着至关重要的角色。

词源 Etymology

源自拉丁语 exterminare,由 **ex-**(向外)和 terminus(边界)组成,原义为"驱逐出境、放逐到边界之外"。在中世纪拉丁语中,词义逐渐从"驱逐"演变为"彻底消灭、根除",强调将对象完全清除,不留余地。该词于16世纪进入英语,至今保留了"彻底消灭"的核心含义。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • 在 H.G. 威尔斯的科幻小说《世界大战》(The War of the Worlds, 1898) 中,火星入侵者试图 exterminate 人类,该词贯穿全书,渲染了灭绝性威胁的恐惧。
  • 在乔治奥威尔的《一九八四》(Nineteen Eighty-Four, 1949) 中,极权政权对异见者的清除带有 exterminate 的意味,体现了权力对个体的彻底碾压。
  • 在英国经典科幻剧《神秘博士》(Doctor Who) 中,Dalek 族的标志性台词"Exterminate!"已成为流行文化中最具辨识度的口号之一。
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