ad lib：即兴地、临时地（说/做）；也可作名词，指即兴发挥的台词或表演。在口语与表演语境中很常见。（另有较少见义：在音乐中“自由处理/即兴演奏”。）
/d lb/
The host had to ad lib when the microphone stopped working.
主持人麦克风坏了，只好即兴应对。
Although the script was tightly written, the actor ad libbed a few lines that made the scene feel more natural and funny.
尽管剧本写得很严谨，那位演员还是即兴加了几句台词，让这一幕更自然也更好笑。
来自拉丁语短语 ad libitum，意思是“随意地、按自己喜欢的方式”，常被简写为 ad lib。后来在英语里逐渐固定为“即兴发挥”的用法，尤其常见于戏剧、广播、主持与日常对话场景。
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