常用的腺癌胞株
褚志斌(芝加哥大癌症生物博士)
胞株(cell line)多生物研究非常重要，因物的身非常，因此要研究某些蛋白的作用或基因表，需要先的一胞始研究。癌胞株是癌症病患身上取下的癌胞，培，使其合在人外(培皿或鼠)中生，又因癌胞不像正常身胞，有命的限制，癌胞可以一直繁衍分裂下去，因此十分合用做癌症生物研究。唯一要注意的，是胞株竟和病人的癌胞有些不同，因此非所有胞株察到的象都能用於病人身上。
腺癌研究上，最常用的胞株有四：LNCaP、PC-3、DU-145和CWR22。
CWR是病人原生瘤(primary prostate cancer)上取得，是男性荷蒙依型(androgen-dependent)，有表男性荷蒙受(androgen receptor)和腺特抗原(prostate specific antigen)，但法在培皿中生，只能在老鼠生，其繁演(passage)必由老鼠取出再植入另一老鼠。
PC-3是移到骨的腺癌胞取得，DU-145是由移到部的腺癌胞取得。胞株都是非男性荷蒙依型(androgen-insensitive)，不表男性荷蒙受或腺特抗原。但可在培皿或老鼠生。
LNCaP是移到淋巴腺的腺癌胞取得，是最常用的一腺癌胞株。其男性荷蒙依型，表男性荷蒙受。在受到男性荷蒙 (androgen)的刺激，表可的腺特抗原，因此近似腺病患的腺瘤。可生於培皿和老鼠。
以下我的英文版本：
To investigate mechanism of development and progression of prostate cancer, establishment of suitable prostate cancer cell lines is very important. Because of the heterogeneity of prostate cancer, the progression of prostate cancer from androgen-dependent state to androgen-independent state has been very difficult to study. Four most commonly used prostate cancer cell lines are LNCaP, PC-3, DU-145, and CWR22.
CWR22 cells were derived from human primary prostate cancer cells. CWR22 cells are androgen-dependent, and express AR and PSA, but can only grow in vivo. PC-3 cells were derived from a human prostate adenocarcinoma metastasizing to bone, while DU-145 cells were derived from a human prostate adenocarcinoma metastasizing to the brain. Proliferation of PC-3 cells and DU-145 cells were androgen-independent, thus expression of PSA upon androgen treatment in PC-3 and DU-145 are very less. PC-3 and DU-145 cells can grow both in vitro and in vivo. The LNCaP cell line was established from a lymph-node metastatic lesion of human prostatic adenocarcinoma. Proliferation of LNCaP cells is androgen-dependent, and LNCaP cells express AR. LNCaP cells can grow both in vitro and in vivo. Upon androgen treatment, LNCaP cells secrete detectable amount of PSA.
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