英语学习中可数名词和不可数名词的划分,哪里最权威? - V2EX
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coolair
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英语学习中可数名词和不可数名词的划分,哪里最权威?

  •  
  •   coolair 2024-08-05 15:12:28 +08:00 1298 次点击
    这是一个创建于 431 天前的主题,其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。
    比如:“垃圾”对应的三个单词:trash 、rubbish 和 garbage 。

    在牛津词典(第 10 版)和柯林斯英汉双解大词典这三个单词都是不可数名词,并且词典上并没有标准可数的用法。

    但是在 https://www.wordhippo.com/what-is/search-page/word-forms.html 查询,trash 有可数和不可数两种形式,rubbish 和 grabage 均为不可数。

    最后,我使用了百度翻译,发现这三个单词均有复数形式:trashes 、rubbishes 和 garbages 。

    然后,我很好奇的点击这些复数形式的链接进去查看对应的例句,发现大都来自 cnki ,还有一条来自 Ask Sina 。

    这是不是说明百度翻译的“简明释义”的翻译是来自爬虫搜集来的信息,而不是权威信息?!
    9 条回复    2024-08-06 19:36:52 +08:00
    sharpfang
        1
    sharpfang  
       2024-08-05 16:10:56 +08:00
    牛津词典上面写的很清楚,这种内容真不能看国内的平台
    https://imgur.com/a/C4fZz3I
    hrdom
        2
    hrdom  
       2024-08-05 16:34:56 +08:00
    词典 是根据计算机语料库编纂的。细究的话推荐用这个 https://www.english-corpora.org/now/
    搜索 trashes_nn 有 203 个结果(部分不太准,不是 noun 而是 verb 的单三),trash_nn 有 158059 个结果。所以说复数形式有,但是用的非常少。
    ho121
        3
    ho121  
       2024-08-05 16:35:32 +08:00
    一般纸质词典都有标注 mass none (不可数)、uncountable (不可数)、countable (可数)。
    现在在线的词典都不标这些东西了(以前牛津在线词典是免费公开的,内容非常全),如果手头没有纸质词典,可以用谷歌新闻搜搜。
    比如搜 trash ,基本找不到用 trashes 的,而且基本都符合不可数的用法。
    如果搜 trashes ,是能搜出来结果的,但结果基本是作为动词单数第三人称的用法,是名词用法。

    另外语言是在不断发展的,词典上的用法不一定是最新的。
    dedad558
        4
    dedad558  
       2024-08-06 14:44:50 +08:00
    剑桥词典和朗文词典标注

    剑桥词典:https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english-chinese-simplified/trash

    trash noun [U] (THINGS)
    :something that is of low quality
    :废物,垃圾

    trash noun [U] (PEOPLE)
    :an insulting way of referring to a person or people that you have no respect for
    :窝囊废,废物

    朗文词典: https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/trash

    trash noun [uncountable]
    :American English things that you throw away, such as empty bottles, used papers, food that has gone bad etc

    rubbish British English noun [uncountable]

    柯林斯词典: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/trash

    trash

    uncountable noun
    :Trash consists of unwanted things or waste material such as used paper, empty containers and bottles, and waste food.

    regional note:
    in BRIT, use rubbish

    uncountable noun
    :If you say that something such as a book, painting, or film is trash, you mean that it is of very poor quality.
    dedad558
        5
    dedad558  
       2024-08-06 14:48:49 +08:00
    词典标注美国用 trash 英国用 rubbish
    garbage ≈ trash

    剑桥词典, 柯林斯词典, 朗文词典都是标注不可数名词
    dedad558
        6
    dedad558  
       2024-08-06 14:56:30 +08:00
    百度和有道的柯林斯词典来源: https://www.collinsdictionary.com/

    柯林斯词典标注 trash:

    Word forms: 3rd person singular present tense trashes, present participle trashing, past tense, past participle trashed

    有道翻译版本:

    第三人称单数 trashes
    现在分词 trashing
    过去式 trashed
    过去分词 trashed
    dedad558
        7
    dedad558  
       2024-08-06 15:03:50 +08:00
    只有百度标注了 trash 复数:

    复数:trashes 第三人称单数:trashes 现在进行时:trashing 过去式:trashed 过去分词:trashed

    大概率百度的问题
    dedad558
        8
    dedad558  
       2024-08-06 15:14:50 +08:00
    相关 reddit 讨论:

    Is it ok now to use the word trashes?
    :https://www.reddit.com/r/ENGLISH/comments/111qgf2/is_it_ok_now_to_use_the_word_trashes/

    Can I say trashes instead of trash?
    :https://www.reddit.com/r/EnglishLearning/comments/1dzynfp/can_i_say_trashes_instead_of_trash/

    评论都是定义为不可数名词, 所以 99%百度错误
    coolair
        9
    coolair  
    OP
       2024-08-06 19:36:52 +08:00
    @dedad558 是的,我觉得百度真的害人不浅啊。
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