为什么我 get 请求这个地址，服务器会返回 403 呢，它是怎么判断的？

V2EX = way to explore

V2EX 是一个关于分享和探索的地方

已注册用户请登录

请不要在回答技术问题时复制粘贴 AI 生成的内容

这是一个创建于 587 天前的主题，其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。

我如果在同源网页浏览器上 fetch 是可以正常返回结果的，但是我放到 jetbrains 客户端的 http 请求上执行就返回 403forbidden 了

下面是我的请求内容：

GET https://www.nodeseek.com/api/attendance/board?page=30 authority: www.nodeseek.com accept: */* accept-language: en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7,zh-TW;q=0.6,yue-HK;q=0.5,yue-CN;q=0.4,yue;q=0.3 cookie: 打码处理 referer: https://www.nodeseek.com/board sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="122", "Not(A:Brand";v="24", "Google Chrome";v="122" sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0 sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows" sec-fetch-dest: empty sec-fetch-mode: cors sec-fetch-site: same-origin user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

下面是返回的网页内容：

Please enable cookies.

Sorry, you have been blocked

You are unable to access nodeseek.com Why have I been blocked? This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data.

What can I do to resolve this? You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page.

11 条回复 2024-03-02 20:09:50 +08:00

seers

2024-03-01 23:53:09 +08:00

很多特征可以检测，例如浏览器指纹

yulgang

2024-03-02 00:06:06 +08:00

如：referer 、ua

xguanren

2024-03-02 00:29:11 +08:00

直接浏览器抓包复制 curl 然后放到 postman 当中发包.看看是否能正常返回

puzzle9

2024-03-02 00:58:20 +08:00

啊感谢你让我了解到了这个论坛
这玩意用的 cloudflare 用接口抓数据暂时先别考虑了
如果你实现了大佬请受小弟一拜
我看他们 tg 有个官方群组要帖子数据可以从哪里拿
要不整个无头浏览器

jinliming2

2024-03-02 05:31:30 +08:00 via iPhone

还有些网站会看 TLS 指纹

xguanren

2024-03-02 08:37:56 +08:00

```

xguanren

2024-03-02 08:38:21 +08:00

```
curl 'https://www.nodeseek.com/page-2' \
-H 'authority: www.nodeseek.com' \
-H 'accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7' \
-H 'accept-language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8' \
-H 'cache-control: no-cache' \
-H 'pragma: no-cache' \
-H 'referer: https://www.nodeseek.com/' \
-H 'sec-ch-ua: "Chromium";v="122", "Not(A:Brand";v="24", "Google Chrome";v="122"' \
-H 'sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0' \
-H 'sec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"' \
-H 'sec-fetch-dest: document' \
-H 'sec-fetch-mode: navigate' \
-H 'sec-fetch-site: same-origin' \
-H 'sec-fetch-user: ?1' \
-H 'upgrade-insecure-requests: 1' \
-H 'user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/122.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
```
如果是帖子的话这个包就行了

JasonEWNL

2024-03-02 09:07:05 +08:00

CF 防守的判断原理基本就同 @jinliming2 所言检查 TLS 指纹以区别浏览器和其他库。

解决方法比如 curl 则用特供版 https://github.com/lwthiker/curl-impersonate

测试直接执行：

```bash
curl_chrome116 https://www.nodeseek.com/api/attendance/board?page=30
```

可以得到 JSON 结果，因而确为前述原理，没有常规请求头检查。

DavidA

2024-03-02 14:55:10 +08:00

@JasonEWNL 666 ，学习了

bug123

2024-03-02 14:58:17 +08:00

cf 判断没那么简单的，比如可以根据你这个网站常用的用户行为来判断，行为异常就直接弹质询框，反正正常用户也不会受影响

Hydsiun

2024-03-02 20:09:50 +08:00

@JasonEWNL 6666