V2EX overtaxed

Overtaxed

发音 Pronunciation

/ovrtkst/

释义 Definition

overtaxed 是动词 overtax 的过去式和过去分词,主要有两层含义:

  1. 负担过重的;使过度劳累的 指对某人的精力、能力或资源施加了超出承受范围的压力。
  2. 征税过重的 指对某人或某物征收了过高的税款。

例句 Examples

After working three jobs for months, she felt completely overtaxed and needed a long rest.
在连续做了几个月的三份工作后,她感到精疲力竭,需要好好休息一下。

The overtaxed healthcare system struggled to cope with the sudden influx of patients during the epidemic, forcing officials to seek emergency funding and recruit additional staff.
在疫情期间,不堪重负的医疗系统难以应对突然涌入的大量患者,迫使官员们寻求紧急拨款并招募更多工作人员。

词源 Etymology

overtax 由前缀 over-(过度)和 tax(征税;使负担)组合而成。tax 源自拉丁语 taxare,意为"评估、估价",后来在古法语中演变为"征税"的含义。缀 over- 表示"超过、过度",因此 overtax 字面意思就是"过度征税"或"过度施压"。该词最早出现于17世纪,既用于财政税收语境,也引申为对人的精力和能力的过度消耗。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • 查尔斯狄更斯在《双城记》(A Tale of Two Cities) 中描绘了法国大革命前被过度征税的底层民众的苦难,overtaxed 一词常用于描述当时农民的处境。
  • 亚当斯密在《国富论》(The Wealth of Nations) 中多次讨论了对公民征税过重的经济后果,overtax 及其变体在经济学经典文献中频繁出现。
  • 托尼朱特在《战后欧洲史》(Postwar) 中使用 overtaxed 来形容二战后欧洲各国不堪重负的社会福利体系。
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