V2EX isothermal process

Isothermal Process

释义 Definition

等温过程:在热力学中,系统在过程进行时温度保持不变(\(T\) 恒定)的过程。常见于气体缓慢膨胀/压缩并与恒温热源交换热量的情形。(该术语也可用于更广义的“温度不变的变化过程”。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/asθrml prses/

例句 Examples

An isothermal process keeps the temperature constant.
等温过程会使温度保持不变。

During the slow expansion of an ideal gas in contact with a heat bath, the system can undergo an isothermal process while exchanging heat with its surroundings.
当理想气体与恒温热源接触并缓慢膨胀时,系统可以经历等温过程,并与环境交换热量。

词源 Etymology

isothermal 来自 iso-(“相同、相等”,源于希腊语 isos)+ thermal(“热的”,与希腊语 thermē “热”相关),合起来表示“等温的”。process 源自拉丁语 processus(“进行、进程”)。因此 isothermal process 直译为“等温的过程”。

相关词 Related Words

文学与经典著作 Literary Works

  • The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol. I(费曼《物理学讲义》第一卷)在热学与气体过程讨论中涉及等温过程与 \(PV\) 关系。
  • An Introduction to Thermal Physics(Daniel V. Schroeder《热物理导论》)以等温过程作为理想气体过程与功、热计算的基础例子。
  • Thermodynamics(Enrico Fermi《热力学》)经典热力学框架中讨论等温过程与可逆过程。
  • Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics(Moran & Shapiro《工程热力学基础》)工程应用中系统过程分析常用到等温过程模型。
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