V2EX inalienable

Inalienable

定义 Definition

adjective 不可剥夺的;不可转让的。指某种权利、特质或财产不能被夺走、放弃或转让给他人。

发音 Pronunciation

/ne.li..n.bl/

例句 Examples

Every human being has inalienable rights to life and freedom.
每个人都拥有不可剥夺的生命权和自由权。

The founders of the nation believed that the pursuit of happiness was an inalienable right, one that no government could lawfully take away from its citizens.
这个国家的奠基者们相信,追求幸福是一项不可剥夺的权利,任何政府都不能合法地将其从公民手中夺走。

词源 Etymology

该词源自拉丁语前缀 **in-**(表示"不")加上 alienabilis(可转让的),而 alienabilis 来自拉丁语动词 alienare,意为"使疏远、转让",其词根是 alienus(属于他人的、外来的)。整个词的意思就是"不能被转让或剥夺的"。该词在17世纪进入英语,18世纪因美国《独立宣言》中的著名用法而广为人知。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • 托马斯杰斐逊在《美国独立宣言》(1776)中写道:"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights." 这是该词最著名的用法之一。
  • 托马斯潘恩在《人的权利》Rights of Man, 1791)中多次使用该词,强调自然权利的不可剥夺性。
  • 约翰洛克在《政府论》Two Treatises of Government, 1689)中虽未直接使用该词,但其关于自然权利不可转让的思想直接影响了该词的广泛使用。
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