V2EX histamine

Histamine

发音 Pronunciation

/hstmin/

释义 Definition

组胺,一种由人体细胞释放的化学物质,在免疫反应、胃酸分泌和神经传导中起重要作用。当身体接触过敏原时,肥大细胞会大量释放组胺,引发打喷嚏、流鼻涕、皮肤瘙痒等过敏症状。

例句 Examples

My doctor said the rash was caused by histamine released during the allergic reaction.
医生说皮疹是过敏反应中释放的组胺引起的。

Antihistamine medications work by blocking histamine receptors in the body, thereby reducing symptoms such as sneezing, itching, and nasal congestion.
抗组胺药物通过阻断体内的组胺受体来发挥作用,从而减轻打喷嚏、瘙痒和鼻塞等症状。

词源 Etymology

histamine 一词诞生于1910年代,由英国生理学家亨利戴尔(Henry Dale)等人首次从麦角中分离出这种物质。词源来自希腊语 histos(意为"组织")加上 amine(胺,一种含氮的有机化合物)。字面意思即"来自组织的胺类物质",因为它广泛存在于人体各种组织中。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学与学术引用 Literary & Academic References

  • 《The Allergy Solution》(Leo Galland)书中详细讨论了 histamine 在过敏机制中的核心角色。
  • 《Immunology: A Short Course》(Richard Coico)免疫学经典教材,系统阐述了 histamine 在免疫应答中的释放机制与生理功能。
  • 《The Beautiful Cure: The Revolution in Immunology》(Daniel M. Davis)科普著作中多次提及 histamine 在人体防御系统中的作用。
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