V2EX gradient descent

Gradient Descent

定义 Definition

梯度下降:一种常用的优化方法,用来最小化函数(尤其是机器学习中的损失函数)。它通过计算当前点的梯度(导数方向),沿着梯度的反方向以一定步长(学习率)反复更新参数,从而逐步接近最小值。(该术语在不同领域也可能有更细分的变体与用法。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/redint dsent/

例句 Examples

Gradient descent helps the model learn by reducing the error step by step.
梯度下降通过一步步减少误差来帮助模型学习。

In deep learning, choosing a good learning rate is crucial because gradient descent can diverge or converge too slowly.
在深度学习中,选择合适的学习率很关键,因为梯度下降可能会发散或收敛得过慢。

词源 Etymology

gradient 来自拉丁语 gradī(“行走、步伐”)相关词根,表示“变化的坡度/斜率、梯度”;descent 来自拉丁语 descendere(“向下走”)。合在一起直译为“沿梯度向下走”,形象地表达了在“误差地形”上朝更低处移动以找到最小值的过程。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著名作品中的用例 Literary / Notable Works

  • Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning(Christopher M. Bishop)
  • The Elements of Statistical Learning(Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman)
  • Deep Learning(Ian Goodfellow, Yoshua Bengio, Aaron Courville)
  • Neural Networks and Learning Machines(Simon Haykin)
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