V2EX goiter

Goiter

释义 Definition

名词 (n.) 甲状腺肿,俗称"大脖子病"。指甲状腺异常肿大,导致颈部前方出现明显肿块,常因缺碘或甲状腺功能异常引起。

发音 Pronunciation

/.t/(美式) /.t/(英式,拼写为 goitre)

例句 Examples

She was diagnosed with a goiter last year.
她去年被诊断出患有甲状腺肿。

In regions where iodine deficiency is common, goiter remains a significant public health concern that affects millions of people.
在碘缺乏较为普遍的地区,甲状腺肿仍然是一个影响数百万人的重大公共卫生问题。

词源 Etymology

Goiter 源自法语 goitre,而法语又来自拉丁语 guttur,意为"喉咙"。该词在16世纪左右进入英语,最初专门用来描述颈部因甲状腺肿大而出现的异常隆起。在历史上,甲状腺肿在远离海洋、土壤和水源中碘含量不足的山区尤为常见,因此也曾被称为"山区病"。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学与文献引用 Literary References

  • 在医学史经典著作中,goiter 频繁出现。瑞士医生帕拉塞尔苏斯(Paracelsus)在16世纪的著作中详细讨论了甲状腺肿与矿物质缺乏的关系。
  • 英国作家查尔斯狄更斯(Charles Dickens)在《小杜丽》(Little Dorrit)中描写阿尔卑斯山区居民时,提及了 goiter 这一地方性疾病。
  • 在现代医学文献中,该词常见于世界卫生组织(WHO)关于碘缺乏症的报告中。
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