V2EX g-factor

G-Factor

Definition / 定义

g-factor(常指心理学中的“一般智力因素”):指在不同认知任务(如记忆、推理、语言理解等)中共同起作用的、能够解释个体总体认知表现差异的“共同因子”。
(另有用法:在工程/航空语境中有时指与 g(重力加速度)相关的“g 值/载荷因素”,但最常见的是智力研究中的含义。)

Pronunciation / 发音

/di fk.t/

Examples / 例句

Many psychologists use the g-factor to describe general intelligence.
许多心理学家用 g-factor 来描述一般智力。

While g-factor scores can predict some academic outcomes, they don’t capture creativity, motivation, or social skills.
尽管 g-factor 分数能在一定程度上预测学业结果,但它并不能涵盖创造力、动机或社交技能。

Etymology / 词源

g 来自 general(一般的、总体的)的首字母,用来表示“普遍存在于多种认知能力背后的共同因素”。“g-factor”这一术语与英国心理学家 Charles Spearman(斯皮尔曼) 提出的因素分析与一般智力理论密切相关;其中 factor 表示“因素/因子”。

Related Words / 相关词

Literary Works / 文学与著作中的用例

  • Charles Spearman“General Intelligence,” Objectively Determined and Measured(1904)提出并讨论一般智力的“g”概念。
  • Arthur R. JensenThe g Factor: The Science of Mental Ability(1998)系统阐述 g-factor 研究与证据。
  • Stephen Jay GouldThe Mismeasure of Man(1981)在批判与讨论智力测量时涉及 g 概念与相关争论。
  • American Psychological AssociationIntelligence: Knowns and Unknowns(1995)综述智力研究领域的共识与分歧,涉及 g 的讨论。
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