V2EX consistent heuristic

Consistent Heuristic

释义 Definition

一致性启发式:在启发式搜索(如 A)中,启发函数 \(h(n)\) 若对任意相邻节点 \(n \rightarrow n'\) 满足
\[ h(n) \le c(n,n') + h(n') \] (其中 \(c(n,n')\) 为从 \(n\) 到 \(n'\) 的实际代价),则称为“consistent”(一致的),也常称为monotone heuristic(单调启发式)。它通常意味着 \(f(n)=g(n)+h(n)\) 沿路径不会下降,从而让 A
更稳定、实现更简洁。
(注:相关概念还有 admissible heuristic 可采纳/低估启发式。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/knsstnt hjurstk/

例句 Examples

A consistent heuristic helps A* find the optimal path.
一致性启发式能帮助 A* 找到最优路径。

Because the heuristic is consistent, the algorithm never needs to reopen a closed node, which makes the implementation simpler and often faster in practice.
由于该启发式是一致的,算法通常不需要重新打开已关闭的节点,这使实现更简单,并且在实践中往往更快。

词源 Etymology

consistent 源自拉丁语 consistere(“站在一起、保持一致”),在现代英语中引申为“前后一致、相容”。heuristic 源自希腊语 heuriskein(“发现、找到”),指“用于帮助发现/求解的经验方法”。组合起来,consistent heuristic 强调启发函数在局部转移上与代价函数“相容一致”。

相关词 Related Words

文学与名著用例 Literary Works

  • Peter E. Hart, Nils J. Nilsson, Bertram Raphael (1968), A Formal Basis for the Heuristic Determination of Minimum Cost Paths(A* 经典论文;讨论与“单调/一致”相关的启发式条件,现代教材常用“consistent heuristic”术语概括该性质)
  • Stuart Russell & Peter Norvig, Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach(《人工智能:一种现代方法》;在启发式搜索章节中系统讲解一致性/单调性与 A* 的关系)
  • Judea Pearl, Heuristics: Intelligent Search Strategies for Computer Problem Solving(《启发式:智能搜索策略》;对启发式性质与最优搜索有深入讨论)
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