V2EX capstan

Capstan

释义 Definition

capstan(绞盘/绞车柱):船上或码头上的一种绕缆用的立式卷扬装置,用来拉紧、牵引或起升重物,常见用途包括起锚、收缆、拉货等。(也有其他工程场景的用法,但最常见于航海语境。)

发音 Pronunciation

/kpstn/

例句 Examples

The sailors turned the capstan to raise the anchor.
水手们转动绞盘把锚拉起来。

With the rope wrapped around the capstan, the crew heaved together until the heavy crate slid across the deck.
绳索绕在绞盘上后,船员们一起用力拉拽,直到沉重的木箱在甲板上被拖动起来。

词源 Etymology

capstan 源自中古法语(capestan / cabestan),更早可追溯到地中海航海语境中的词形变化;普遍认为与表示“头/顶端”的拉丁语词根(如 caput)有关,可能指这种装置上部“顶帽/顶端结构”的形态。随着航海技术传播,该词在英语中固定下来,专指船用绞盘装置。

相关词 Related Words

文学作品 Literary Works

  • Herman Melville《白鲸》(Moby-Dick):海上作业与起锚等场景常涉及船上绞盘装置的描写。
  • Robert Louis Stevenson《金银岛》(Treasure Island):海盗与航海操作描写中会出现与绞盘/收缆相关的器具词汇。
  • Jack London《海狼》(The Sea-Wolf):以航海生活为核心,常出现甲板设备与拉缆起升的术语。
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